Low back pain is pain in the lumbar region, that is, the lower edge of the back and the beginning of the buttocks. This type of ailment makes movement difficult and reduces the person's quality of life. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is the main cause of disability worldwide, but it is also the condition in which rehabilitation can benefit the greatest number of people.
According to WHO data, in 2020 approximately one in 13 people suffered from low back pain, which is equivalent to 619 million people. It is expected that in 2050 this figure will reach 843 million, as a result of the aging of the population. Therefore, it is advisable to know the recommendations of experts to alleviate low back pain.
Although low back pain can occur at any age, the greatest number of cases occur between 50 and 55 years of age, while the prevalence and consequences of the disability it produces increase among people between 80 and 85 years of age. Likewise, episodes of low back pain are more common as you age.
Chronic low back pain is a major cause of job loss, which also leads to a restriction in participation in activities, as well as a lower quality of life. Taking into account its high prevalence, the WHO highlights the enormous economic burden it places on society and should be considered a global public health problem that requires an adequate response.
Low back pain mainly presents as a dull, sharp pain in the lower back, which can spread to other areas of the body, especially the legs. Therefore, it is common for it to restrict movement, cause sleep disorders, worsen mood and cause depression or distress.
In most cases of acute low back pain – lasting less than six weeks – the symptoms disappear on their own, with a good recovery. However, in some people the pain persists until it becomes chronic.
The WHO has published its first guidelines on the treatment of chronic low back pain in primary and community care settings. This organization recommends non-surgical interventions to help people who suffer from chronic primary low back pain, these being the key principles of care for adults with chronic primary low back pain.
Instead, the WHO advises against interventions such as the use of braces, belts or lumbar supports. They also do not recommend some physical therapies such as traction (which consists of pulling on a part of the body). Do not resort to some medications, such as opioid analgesics, as they can be associated with overdose and dependence.
